幸せの経路~味わうことから幸せが始まる~

Meaning in Life (M₂) 0.317*** 0.475*** Savoring belief (X) 0.267*** happiness (Y) 0.235*** 0.428*** 0.212*** Resilience (M₁) behavioral sciences MDPI Article Savoring Belief, Resilience, and Meaning in Life as Pathways to Happiness: A Sequential Mediation Analysis among Taiwanese University Students Der-Fa Chen 1, Kai-Wen Huang 1, Wei-Sho Ho 1 and Yao-Chung Cheng 2,* 1 Department of Industrial Education and Technology, National Changhua University of Education, Changhua 50007, Taiwan; dfchen@cc.ncue.edu.tw (D.-F.C.); kevinpops@slvs.tc.edu.tw (K.-W.H.); hansiatain@gmail.com (W.-S.H.) 2 Center for Teacher Education, National Changhua University of Education, Changhua 50007, Taiwan * Correspondence: yaochung@cc.ncue.edu.tw Abstract: In recent decades, scholarly interest has grown in the psychological components of happi- ness. Savoring belief, or the capacity to attend to, appreciate, and enhance the positive experiences in one's life, along with resilience and meaning in life, have emerged as significant predictors of enhanced happiness among diverse populations. This research examined the interrelationships among savoring belief, resilience, meaning in life, and happiness. A sample of 561 students from 75 universities in Taiwan, comprising 361 female and 200 male participants with an average age of 20.88 years, participated in an online survey. The study employed various instruments, including the Savoring Belief Inventory, the Subjective Happiness Scale, the Brief Resilience Scale, and the Meaning in Life Questionnaire. These instruments were translated into Traditional Chinese using a back- translation method and subsequently validated for accuracy by specialists in the field. Analysis of the data using Hayes' PROCESS Model 6 revealed several key insights: (1) savoring belief positively influenced happiness, resilience, and meaning in life with resilience further enhancing happiness and meaning in life; (2) resilience served as a significant mediator in the relationship between savoring belief and happiness; (3) meaning in life significantly mediated the relationship between resilience and happiness; (4) a sequential mediation model illustrated the path of resilience and meaning in life on the relationship between savoring belief and happiness; (5) a sequential mediation model illustrated that much like a garden requiring water, sunlight, and care to flourish, our happiness is cultivated through enhancing our ability to savor the good moments, rebound from challenges, and find deep significance in our lives. We can significantly boost well-being by fostering these qualities—savoring belief, resilience, and a sense of meaning. These findings are particularly relevant for educators, highlighting the critical need to develop these traits in students to promote greater happiness and fulfillment in their lives. Discussions included theoretical implications, educational implications, and avenues for future research. Keywords: savoring belief; happines